A compact high-gain key-shaped monopole antenna for RF sensitive environment, and X-Ku-band applications

Abstract

Abstract This paper describes a new design for a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed high gain key-shaped resonator based microstrip monopole antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB), X-band to Ku-band applications. An ellipse and circular combinational patch with three stepped transitions of appropriate dimensions at the lower edge and a circular parasitic patch at the back end is used in this proposed antenna. The antenna was simulated, constructed, and tested in order to show how the analysis worked. A modest profile of 0.30λ 0 × 0.16λ 0 is recommended for the proposed prototype. The designed antenna has a gain of 7.3 (dBi). It attained a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 146% with an impedance bandwidth of 2.95–19.15 GHz. The bandwidth of the Full Width Half Maxima (FWHM) is more than 17.38 GHz and ranges from 2.62 GHz to greater than 20 GHz. For validation, the proposed antenna’s equivalent lumped circuit model and the time domain to evaluate the transient behaviour of the antenna are presented. The findings of the experiment and simulation are found to be in concurrence. In comparison to previously reported structures, the developed antenna has a wider bandwidth, a higher gain, and a lower profile.