Abstract
Oxidative stress is a physiological imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s ability to detoxify these products. Oxidative stress induced by ionizing radiation is one of the late biological effects of radiation. The aim of this study was to assess the protective role of Angelica archangelica and Ginkgo biloba extracts, which are commonly used as antioxidants in counteracting effects related to functional and non-functional hemoglobin derivative concentrations, as well as the rate of hemoglobin autoxidation before exposing rabbits to ionizing radiation. The experimental design included four groups of rabbits: a control group that did not receive gallium or antioxidants; Group 1, which received 68Ga isotope as a source of ionizing radiation with no prior treatment; Groups 2 and 3, which received A. archangelica and G. biloba root powder water extracts, respectively, for seven days prior to irradiation; and Group 4, which received a combined dose of both antioxidants, A. archangelica and G. biloba, prior to irradiation, with the same dose, time, and duration as used in Groups 2 and 3. The results demonstrate that both antioxidants had the ability to counteract oxidative stress induced by ionizing radiation, as well as to reduce the hemoglobin autoxidation rate. A synergistic effect was revealed when using a combined dose of both antioxidants at the same concentrations, times, and durations. A lower rate of free radical formation was also recorded, reflected by a reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activity. The data here presented support the radioprotective role of both investigated antioxidants.
Highlights
Angelica archangelica root powder water extraction for 7 days before irradiation; Group 3 (G3, 10 rabbits), which received Ginkgo biloba for 7 days before irradiation; and Group 4 (G4, 12 rabbits), which received a combined dose of both antioxidants for 7 days with the same concentration, time, and duration as in Groups 2 and 3
Theand oxidized of hemoglobin was revealed to bewith the most derivatives, Met-Hb, Hb are carboxyhemoglobin or carbonylhemoglobin (Hb-CO), form recording a significant increase as compared affected derivative
Functional hemoglobin derivatives and antioxidant activity were restored by the application of oral antioxidants, A. archangelica and G. biloba, based on body weight, through the inhibition of the rapid formation of free radicals induced by ionizing radiation from
Summary
Over the last twenty years, considerable attention has been given to the 68 Ga isotope because of its wide commercial availability, resulting from advances in procedures for its purification [1]. Its application in diagnostics has become more dominant for several diseases, replacing some isotopes that are more difficult to prepare [2]. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning was the first diagnostic tool that used the 68 Ga isotope, in the mid-2000s, which is considered to be the starting point for the medical use of this isotope [3]. Significant developments in manufacturing the specific generator used for producing this isotope, i.e., 68 Ge/68 Ga, have been among the most important factors affecting growth in the medical use of gallium [4]
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