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Abstract
This work proposed an acetic acid (AC) pre-hydrolysis and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) post-delignification strategy for efficient fractionation of hemicellulose and lignin from lignocellulosic biomass, providing an easily hydrolyzed cellulose, which could be effectively converted to ethanol through semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSSF) process. Results showed that, 11.20 kg xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs), 19.91 kg ethanol and 25.89 kg lignin could be produced from lignocellulosic biorefinery based on the AC-DES pretreatment of 100 kg poplar. In addition, the lignin recovered from DES showed the potential as feedstock for production of hydrocarbon enriched bio-oil by pyrolysis. Higher heating values (HHV) of 27.19 MJ/kg and 31.56 MJ/kg for oil were measured, after pyrolysis of DES lignin and DES lignin/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with ratio of 7:3, respectively. Finally, mass balance and energy analysis revealed that, lignocellulosic biorefinery based on AC-DES combined pretreatment to co-produce XOSs, bioerthanol and DES lignin could achieve an energy recovery of 78 %.
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