Abstract
Viscoelastic bonds intended for Discrete Multiphysics (DMP) models are developed to allow the study of viscoelastic particles with arbitrary shape and mechanical inhomogeneity that are relevant to the pharmaceutical sector and that have not been addressed by the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The model is applied to encapsulate particles with a soft outer shell due, for example, to the partial ingress of moisture. This was validated by the simulation of spherical homogeneous linear elastic and viscoelastic particles. The method is based on forming a particle from an assembly of beads connected by springs or springs and dashpots that allow the sub-surface stress fields to be computed, and hence an accurate description of the gross deformation. It is computationally more expensive than DEM, but could be used to define more effective interaction laws.
Highlights
The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been employed to study a range of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes and products including powder mixing [1], agglomeration with and without a liquid binder [2], and the release of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) from powder inhalation products [3]
We study KV bonds that can be used in Discrete Multiphysics (DMP), we extended the validation to macroscopic spheres that accounted for multiple KV bonds
We study KV bonds that can be used in DMPcc,ce4e4womm.. uRReeelenendessttxpspsbtoocceenaannssllscdceueuueboolldaaf-fdttttteehhihddveeeiffsdsrrvyyooeassmmdtlteiedmttimhhnaeettddoisseoeiipcpmmnoiiccuutmttolleeaadpdmttiiuoioianntnnca,F,Frtaaiioigognnsuunddcrraoettehlhp11ebeictetppooasoopadaiinnhsssttiiessinnnraauuerrsdsseeooitcicifhddafaeaalalccrltluuellaloonlacaaattctddeeowdidinunaugugnysstffsiieoonn.drrggHccefeSSeo..iimrmTrTehmhu,ueelwliuilnlniilenknkti.ee.epssmlaeaprrKeelotVthyheeebdontwdso. approaches: the beads were arranged on (a) a regular cubic lattice and (b) an irregular tetrahedral lattiIcne.the first case, the spherical particle (Figure 5a) was constructed from cubic lattice cells (Figure 5b)
Summary
The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been employed to study a range of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes and products including powder mixing [1], agglomeration with and without a liquid binder [2], and the release of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) from powder inhalation products [3]. An important example of mechanical inhomogeneity is the softening of particles due the presence of moisture during agglomeration or dispersion/dissolution In such cases, a gradient of moisture content is developed with a corresponding gradient in the mechanical properties. For particles formed from an organic polymer such as microcrystalline cellulose, the ingress of moisture will cause them to become viscoelastic
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