A CMOS Medium Density DNA Microarray with Electronic Readout

Abstract

AbstractA CMOS chip-based approach is reviewed for fully electronic DNA detection. The electrochemical sensor principle used, CMOS integration of the required transducer materials, chip architecture and circuit design issues are discussed, respectively. Electrochemical and biological results obtained on the basis of medium density microarray sensor CMOS chips with 16×8 sensor sites prove proper operation.