A CMOS Adaptive 433/900 MHz Differential RF Power Harvester with Wide-Dynamic Range for Wireless Powering

Abstract

A wide-dynamic range high-efficiency differential RF-to-DC power converter for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications is presented. The architecture offers high power conversion efficiency (PCE) over a wide range of input powers by employing cross-coupled high-threshold rectifying devices with stacking diodes. The proposed rectifier uses the adaptive biasing technique to control the rectifying devices’ conduction and minimizes the leakage current of the feedback diodes by utilizing the dynamic body biasing. Compared to the conventional cross-coupled rectifier, the proposed rectifier has a [Formula: see text] dynamic range. A prototype of the proposed rectifier is implemented in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 0.0148[Formula: see text]mm2. The rectifier achieves [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dBm sensitivity for 1[Formula: see text]V output and a 79.4% peak PCE. A dynamic range of 17.3[Formula: see text]dB is achieved at the 433[Formula: see text]MHz in the Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM band) with a 100-K[Formula: see text] load. Furthermore, the proposed design offers a peak PCE of 62.6% and a wide dynamic range of 16.1[Formula: see text]dB at the UHF 900[Formula: see text]MHz band with a load resistance of 100-K[Formula: see text].