A Closed-Form Solution for Moving Target Localization in Distributed MIMO Radar Systems

Abstract

An algebraic closed-form two-stage weighted least square method with auxiliary variables for locating a moving target using time delay and Doppler shift in distributed multiple-input multiple-output radar systems is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, a set of linear equations about target position and velocity is established firstly, and then a closed-form weighted least square (WLS) method is adopted to achieve the estimate. In the second stage, new linear equations with auxiliary variables are created, and then another closed-form WLS solution is derived. The final estimate is demonstrated, by both theory and simulations, to be approximately unbiased, and its covariance is equal to the Cramer-Rao lower bound under small noise conditions. According to the simulation results, the localization performance of the proposed method is better than that of the state-of-the-art algorithms.