A Clinico-Pathological Study on Cervical Lymphadenopathy

Abstract

Background: The analysis of lymph node enlargement in the neck is not an easy task. It is a challenge for surgeon to assess its clinical behaviour and come to a final diagnosis. Those diseases which can be neoplastic also demands correct diagnosis for further management. The study intends to find out systematically the various pathological conditions presenting with enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, also the various modes of clinical presentation and behaviour of these conditions. Relevant investigations have also been studied. Methods: The study population consisted of patients above 12 years presenting with cervical lymph node enlargement. The proforma which was drafted is used. Patient was examined systematically giving utmost importance to local examination. After making a clinical diagnosis, further relevant investigations were done to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment was instituted appropriately and patients were followed up. Results: Majority of the cases in this study had non-neoplastic causes for cervical lymphadenopathy in which tuberculosis is most common. Male to female ratio of 1.38:1 is noted with most cases between 20 and 40 years. Posterior triangle group of lymph nodes was most commonly affected in tuberculosis. In lymphomas level 2 group of lymph nodes is most commonly involved. Variable results were noted among the groups of lesions, with regard to local characteristics like number, laterality, mobility and involvement of other group of lymph nodes, etc. FNAC by virtue of it being inexpensive, quick in getting the results and easy to perform, is one of the important and essential diagnostic procedures. Conclusion: Clinical symptoms in cervical lymphadenopathy is of limited significance because clinical behaviour can be highly variable and mostly non-specific. As cervical lymphadenopathy is an important condition, which always calls for meticulous attention, analysis and treatment. FNAC is found to be a frontline investigation of choice with ......