Abstract
Traditional singular value decomposition (SVD)-based watermarking schemes, already exist for watermark embedding on the image as a whole. In this paper, a chaos-based hybrid watermarking scheme that combines the Fourier transform and the SVD is proposed. Instead of modifying the original cover image to embed the watermark, a reference image is formed in the proposed scheme to embed the watermark. The watermark is embedded by modifying the singular values of the reference image. The watermark extraction process is semi-blind, i.e. it does not require the original image. Chaotic map is used to shuffle the pixel positions of the image, which can be used as a secret key to improve the security of the algorithm. The security of the scheme is further strengthened by applying Zig-Zag scan on the watermark before embedding. A series of experiments is conducted to prove the fidelity and robustness property of the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that our scheme is strong enough to resist common image-processing attacks, geometric distortions, and some composite attacks. The results also show that our scheme outperforms related works in most cases.
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