Abstract
Freshwater scarcity is a critical global issue, particularly in arid regions. Solar stills provide a sustainable solution for water desalination using solar energy, yet traditional designs often exhibit limited efficiency. This study examines the performance of a Double Slope Solar Still (DSSS) integrated with a square-shaped conventional channel (CCDSSS) to enhance water evaporation and production. Experiments were conducted in Chengalpattu, Kattankulathur (latitude 12.8° N, longitude 80.03° E) along with three-dimensional simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and were validated against literature and experimental data. The CCDSSS system achieved a water productivity of 3.084 lm−2day−1, which is 25.67 % higher than the DSSS system’s 2.454 lm−2day−1. It also keeps a uniform temperature within still and enhances vapor velocities, resulting in higher evaporation rates and productivity. Optimal performance was observed with a 10 mm water depth, showing a 24.41 % increase in yield compared to a 30 mm depth. Despite higher initial costs, the CCDSSS system offers a shorter payback period of 238 days compared to 289 days for the DSSS system. This study provides detailed insights on the effect of channel attachment in DSSS highlighting significant improvements in both solar still efficiency and economic performance.
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