Abstract

Abstract The results are presented from a careful, systematic search for reports of stratospheric clouds over the period 1870–1972. For the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, a total of 156 dates are listed on which mother-of-pearl clouds (MPC) were reported. A small number of other Norwegian sightings exist for which specific dates were not obtained. Several references to general aircraft sightings of clouds above the tropopause are also given. Five mid- or low-latitude sightings are listed, some of which are perhaps related to rocket firings. In the Southern Hemisphere, the reported sightings occurred in Antarctica, being either of the MPC type or of more extensive and longer-lasting stratospheric cloud veils. The latter apparently are due to the extremely cold stratospheric temperatures experienced over the Antarctic in winter. Reports of veil-type stratospheric clouds are listed from two Antarctic expeditions, in 1912 and 1950–51. In addition to these, 139 cases of Antarctic MPC sightings were reporte...

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