Abstract
Roadside Units Deployment (RSUD) is of great importance to smart transportation with the Internet of Things (IoT). It is believed to be not feasible for RSUD to cover and perceive the whole area due to the high installation and maintenance costs. The candidate locations set of RSUD may be huge for a future urban area with vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. Most of the previous studies tried to maximize the Roadside Units (RSU) coverage only and made few reports on emergency scenarios, such as accidents happening. We tried to find better candidate locations of RSUD in some grid road networks with equal length streets, and then chose some of these locations for final installation with a given budget to minimize the average reporting time of emergency messages in V2X networks. Firstly, we analyzed candidate locations of RSUD for different cases of RSUs and vehicles. Then we proposed a message dissemination model for RSUD with the V2X network, and a center-rule-based neighborhood search algorithm (CNSA for short). In this algorithm, we generated initial solutions with the center rule and then obtained better neighbor solutions. Numerical simulation results from small-scale urban streets showed that the proposed algorithm performs well on execution time. Simulation results with Veins and Simulation of Urban Mobility) (SUMO) verified the proposed model and CNSA for evaluating the RSUD scheme by distance instead of accident reporting time in urban areas with large-scale traffic flow.
Highlights
The shortage of traffic infrastructures with the Internet of Things (IoT) and the growing number of vehicles are important reasons for traffic congestion, which has increased travel time and costs of travelers and even caused crashes [1]
Car B is running in the opposite direction to car A in C1, whether there is a Roadside Units (RSUs) or not in Assumptions we made in this case are the same as the second case in Section 3.1.1, namely continuous vehicles running in the same direction as car B or there is a car running in the direction
We model the RSUs Deployment (RSUD) problem with V2X network as the message dissemination RSUD model and propose the center-rule-base neighborhood search algorithm for it
Summary
The shortage of traffic infrastructures with the Internet of Things (IoT) and the growing number of vehicles are important reasons for traffic congestion, which has increased travel time and costs of travelers and even caused crashes [1]. An infrastructure independent VANET can be constructed spontaneously by a group of mobile vehicles moving nearby without relying on any infrastructure [4] This type of VANET loses messages due to their intermittent connectivity [5]. RSUs’ coverage in the city can ensure the real-time and reliable transmission of emergency traffic information in VANET. 1.8 million Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) 1–5 injuries were associated with these LV2LV crashes In this paper we focus on disseminating emergency traffic information. We deploy RSUs in an urban area of our interest to spread emergency traffic messages among vehicles.
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