Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry was used to study properties of the (110) surface of a rutile (TiO 2 ) monocrystal and its interaction with vanadium(V) species at conditions simulating typical preparation procedures for catalysts. It was found that vanadium enters the crystal lattice of rutile as a tetravalent ion and cannot be electrochemically oxidized to pentavalent but can easily be reduced to the trivalent oxidation state. A second vanadium species may also appear on the surface of rutile, which may be both reduced from +5 through +4 to +3 and oxidized from +3 through +4 to +5 oxidation state.
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