Abstract
This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with breast cancer among Han Chinese women in northern and eastern China. A matched case-control study involving 1489 patients with breast cancer and 1489 controls was conducted across 21 hospitals in 11 provinces in China, from April 2012 to April 2013. We developed a structured questionnaire to record information from face-to-face interviews with participants. Student’s t-tests, Pearson’s chi-square tests, and univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables with significant differences between the case and control groups. Ten variables were identified (P<0.05): location, economic status, waist-to-hip ratio, menopause, family history of breast cancer, present life satisfaction, sleep satisfaction, milk products, behavior prevention scores, and awareness of breast cancer. We identified a comprehensive range of factors related to breast cancer, among which several manageable factors may contribute to breast cancer prevention. Further prospective studies concerning psychological interventions, sleep regulation, health guidance, and physical exercise are required. A screening model for high-risk populations should be put on the agenda.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide; the incidence is continuing to rise, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women [1, 2]
We identified a comprehensive range of factors related to breast cancer, among which several manageable factors may contribute to breast cancer prevention
1489 pairs were eligible for enrollment in the study, as 124 pairs were excluded after logical checks (16 with benign diseases in the case group, 46 with malignant diseases in the control group, 10 with non-Han ethnicity, seven with non-matched age, 13 with duplicate enrollment, 22 with relapse diseases, and 18 with incomplete information)
Summary
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide; the incidence is continuing to rise, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women [1, 2]. Reports in China indicate the annual increase in the incidence of breast cancer has doubled or tripled over the past two decades, making it the leading cancer among women [4,5,6]. Characteristics of established risk factors for breast cancer may vary among countries. Better understanding the characteristics of local risk factors may inform more effective breast cancer prevention strategies [7]. When risk factors are well understood, healthcare providers are able to supply women with more accurate information regarding their individual risk of developing breast cancer [8]. Cancer risk assessment has emerged as an important component of cancer risk counseling [9,10,11]
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