Abstract
A case study of the effects of ship emissions on the microphysical, radiative, and chemical properties of polluted marine boundary layer clouds is presented. Two ship tracks are discussed in detail. In situ measurements of cloud drop size distributions, liquid water content, and cloud radiative properties, as well as aerosol size distributions (outside-cloud, interstitial, and cloud droplet residual particles) and aerosol chemistry, are presented. These are related to remotely sensed measurements of cloud radiative properties. The authors examine the processes behind ship track formation in a polluted marine boundary layer as an example of the effects of anthropogenic particulate pollution on the albedo of marine stratiform clouds.
Highlights
Introduction aAnthropogenic effects on cloud albedoIt has long been recognized that anthropogenically produced particulate matter can have an effect on cloud albedo
A hypothesis presented for the cause of the ‘‘anomalous cloud lines’’ observed in the early TIROS imagery was that particles produced by ships under ‘‘rather special atmospheric conditions’’ acted as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and led to the formation of lines of enhanced albedo in the clouds
The analysis we present here is a case study of one of the days during the campaign in which the marine boundary layer in the operations area was polluted
Summary
POCKALNYl a Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden b Meteorological Research Flight, The Met. Office, Farnborough, Hampshire, United Kingdom c Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington d Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California e Centre for Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom f Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey g Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California h Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium i Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada j Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California k Applied Physics Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, Maryland l Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island (Manuscript received 30 July 1996, in final form 6 August 1997)
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