Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors of the gynaecologic tract are rare, and pose a significant clinical challenge because of the tumor heterogeneity and lack of standardized guidelines for treatment. Primary neuroendocrine tumor of vagina is extremely rare and only 26 cases have been reported so far in literature. Most, but not all, neuroendocrine tumors of the gynaecologic tract have an aggressive clinical course and clinically share similarities with small cell lung cancer. Cumulative data supports a multi-modality therapeutic strategy. A proposed management algorithm for neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vagina is outlined including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We report a case of neuroendocrine cancer of vagina which we treated at our institution.
Highlights
Primary neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of vagina is a very rare entity
Et al reported the first case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of vagina in 1984 [1,4]
Surgery is advocated for cases with small, localized tumors without metastatic disease. Treatment of this tumour is done considering the general guidelines of management for small cell carcinomas of other sites
Summary
Primary neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of vagina is a very rare entity. Small cell carcinoma is characterized by its small cells with a scanty amount of cytoplasm and small hyperchromatic nuclei which are about 2-3 times the size of lymphocytes. Neuroendocrine tumors of the gynaecologic tract are rare, and pose a significant clinical challenge because of the tumor heterogeneity and lack of standardized guidelines for treatment. Primary neuroendocrine tumor of vagina is extremely rare and only 26 cases have been reported so far in literature. But not all, neuroendocrine tumors of the gynaecologic tract have an aggressive clinical course and clinically share similarities with small cell lung cancer.
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