A Case Report of Hemophagocytic Lymph Histiocytosis in a Young Male

Abstract

Hemophagocytic Lymph Histiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical syndrome affected by excessive immune stimulation and tissue hyperinflammation, which is relatively underdiagnosed because of its various clinical manifestations. This case described a young male whose body temperature measured at 39°C and only dropped briefly due to a fever reducer. He had a painless inflammation in the neck during the fever. Cold and stuffy nose emerged before the fever appeared. Moreover, stuffy nose caused snoring sleep. The patient also faced bleeding gums and nosebleeds. However, he did not experience body ache or weight loss. Various clinical tests, such as clinical chemistry laboratory tests, blood and bone marrow tests, and radiological tests were conducted. Clinical chemistry test revealed a decrease in albumin levels. Additionally, peripheral blood test showed a smear of microcytic hypochromic anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, while bone marrow examination showed a process of hem phagocytosis/metabolic disease. Furthermore, radiological tests showed no abnormalities.