Abstract
Anti-E antibody is one of the frequently encountered alloantibody of the Rh blood group system; however, it is seldom implicated in haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN). This case report describes a mild HDFN due to anti-E antibody in a full term baby-girl born to a primigravida patient. The baby developed jaundice on the first day of life. Blood group of both mother and the baby was B positive and Rh phenotype was CDe/CDe (R1R1) and CDe/cDE (R1R2) respectively. Anti-E and anti-c was identified in the mother while babys blood showed weak positive Direct Antiglobulin Test with anti-E identified from the babys serum. The baby was started on phototherapy and was discharged well on day-6. Although this was a mild HDFN, we would like to highlight the importance of antenatal screening for pregnant mothers. The antibody screening for Rh-positive mothers is not a routine practice in many centers in Malaysia due to cost-benefit constraints. However, we would like to suggest to include the antenatal red cell antibody screening test for all pregnant mothers at least during the 1st antenatal booking to enable early detection of alloantibody which may cause HDFN, thus enable close monitoring of foetus and initiate early management as needed.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.139-141
Highlights
Haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) is a condition where the red cell of the foetus is shortened by antibodies produced by the mother[1]
Anti-E antibody is one of the potent antibodies of the Rh-blood group system, found after anti-D in general population as well as in pregnant mothers[1, 5]; it seldom causes HDFN1. This case report describes a case of HDFN due to anti-E in a primigravida patient and to reinforce the importance of antenatal antibody screening during pregnancy
Case Report: We report here a case of HDFN caused by anti-E antibody in a full-term baby girl delivered through the vacuum delivery due to foetal distress by a 32-year-old Chinese primigravida
Summary
Haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) is a condition where the red cell of the foetus is shortened by antibodies produced by the mother[1]. The frequency of clinically significant alloantibodies other than anti-D such as anti-E, anti-K, and anti-c is 1:300 pregnancies and risk of HDFN caused by these antibodies is 1:500 4. Anti-E antibody is one of the potent antibodies of the Rh-blood group system, found after anti-D in general population as well as in pregnant mothers[1, 5]; it seldom causes HDFN1.
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