A case of successful surgical treatment of patient with rare vascular anomaly – hypoplasia of infrarenal abdominal aorta

Abstract

Aim. To demonstrate a case of treatment of a patient with a rare vascular anomaly hypoplasia of infrarenal abdominal aorta.
 On a clinical example of female patient U., 41 years of age, with critical ischemia of the lower limbs and diagnosis hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta made on the basis of the clinical and instrumental data, the manifestations, diagnostics and potentials of the successful surgical treatment of the given pathology were demonstrated.
 Conclusion. Clinical manifestations of hypoplasia of the aorta depend on localization of the lesion and involvement of renal arteries. The commonest clinical sign is arterial hypertension and symptoms associated with the elevated arterial pressure. Hypoplasia of the aorta may also be manifested by hypertrophy of the upper limbs in combination with poor development of muscles of the lower limbs. More aged individuals present with arterial insufficiency leading to clinically significant ischemia of the lower limbs. Thus, in the case described, the patient already had ischemic trophic ulcers of the lower limbs. Without treatment, secondary arterial hypertension and cardiac failure may lead a patient to early death. Today, irrespective of the etiology, the only effective method of treatment of this disease is surgery. In case of our patient, resection of the hypoplastic segment of the aorta and its prosthetics were performed. This permitted to restore circulation in the lower parts of the body and further led to complete healing of trophic ulcers of the shin and to normalization of the systemic arterial pressure.