A Case of Histoplasma duboisii Brain Abscess and Review of the Literature.

Doukoure Brahima,Landry Drogba,Landry Konan,Fassil B Mesfin

doi:10.7759/cureus.6984

Abstract

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (Hcc) and H. capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd). Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare. So far, the few cases reported having Histoplasmosis associated brain abscesses were caused by H. capsulatum var. capsulatum. Herein, we report a unique case of brain abscess caused by H. capsulatum var. duboisii occurring in a 42-year-old immunocompromised woman with HIV. Initially, she presented with hypothermia, vomiting, frontal headache, evolving over one month. She then progressed to have a generalized seizure. Brain MRI showed multifocal brain abscesses and a frontal osteitis. The frontal osteitis was biopsied and confirmed the diagnosis of H. capsulatum var. duboisii. She was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B (150 mg daily) for the first four weeks and itraconazole (200mg twice daily) for six months.

Highlights

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (Hcc) and H. capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd)
We report a unique case of brain abscess caused by H. capsulatum var. duboisii occurring in a 42year-old immunocompromised woman with HIV
We reported a unique case of brain abscess by H. capsulatum var. duboisii occurring in an immunocompromised patient with HIV

Summary

Introduction

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (Hcc) and H. capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd). Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. While the variant capsulatum is prevalent in the American continent, the variant duboisii is commonly reported endemically in western and Central Africa. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare, and when it occurs, its typical presentation is meningitis [1,2]. Few cases of Histoplasmosis associated brain abscesses have been reported; they were all caused by H. capsulatum var. We reported a unique case of brain abscess by H. capsulatum var. Duboisii occurring in an immunocompromised patient with HIV. Received 01/27/2020 Review began 01/29/2020 Review ended 02/07/2020 Published 02/13/2020 We reported a unique case of brain abscess by H. capsulatum var. duboisii occurring in an immunocompromised patient with HIV.

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