A case of cyclophosphamide-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Is it dose-related side effect?

Abstract

We reported a case of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a 26-year-old previously healthy male patient who presented to the emergency department with a history of fever, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. After extensive investigations, including bronchoscopy and autoimmune screening, he was diagnosed with the renal-pulmonary syndrome. The diagnosis of CYP-related PRES was based on the development of a neurological clinical picture supported by magnetic resonance imaging findings. The dose of CYP was decreased to 75 mg/day, and the patient’s symptoms improved after 3 days.