Abstract
We herein report a 40-year-old Japanese man with chronic hepatitis B genotype C (viral load 6.7 LC/mL) who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) despite achieving undetectable hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels with nucleos (t) ide analog (NA) treatment (entecavir). Notably, his hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level remained elevated at 388.4 IU/mL. Given the continued risk of carcinogenesis associated with HBsAg positivity, we initiated pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy one month after HCC surgery. Following three periods of PEG-IFN treatment, HBsAg seroclearance (HBsAg-negative state) was achieved.
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