A CASE OF AN ADENOMA ARISING IN A SWEAT GLAND OF THE UPPER EYELID

Abstract

Anthracnose is one of the most detrimental diseases of grapevines in humid regions. To lessen the risk of crop damage and to reduce fungicide application, resistant cultivars are needed. In this study, we evaluated the resistance of grapevines to anthracnose caused by <i>Elsinoë ampelina</i> (de Bary) Shear in two ways: (1) the resistance against ingress was evaluated using the number of lesions; and (2) the resistance against colonization was evaluated using the lesion length. First, we evaluated both forms of resistance in 13 cultivars in a detached-leaf assay for 3 years using greenhouse-grown cuttings. Both lesion number and lesion length revealed a genetic component of the resistance, with greater phenotypic variation among interspecific hybrid cultivars than among <i>V. vinifera</i> cultivars. The detached-leaf assay revealed significant differences in lesion length among <i>V. vinifera</i> accessions; Exotic and Perlette showed moderate resistance. We also measured lesion diameters in a fungicide-free vineyard to evaluate the resistance of six cultivars, and found significant differences among the cultivars. The lesion shape in susceptible cultivars was almost circular, whereas that in resistant cultivars was usually irregular. Our results show that evaluations based on the lesion number and length can reliably predict resistance to anthracnose without the need for large field trials, and that some <i>V. vinifera</i> cultivars exhibited moderate resistance to this disease.