A case controlled study of osteosarcopenia increases distal radius fracture risk in the postmenopausal women

Abstract

Objective To determine the relationship between osteosarcopenia and distal radius fracture in postmenopausal women. Methods Fifty-five cases who diagnosed as distal radius fracture by X-ray in the Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College from January 2018 to January 2019 was as study group, and 55 cases matched by age for postmenopausal women without distal radius fracture was as control group. Grip strength and gait speed were measured with the recommendation of Asian Sarcopenia Working Group, hip and lumbar bone mineral density(BMD), body mass index (BMI), relative skeletal muscle index (RSMI) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were measured and compared by dual energy X-ray (DXA), and compared between two groups. Results In study group, 32 cases of osteoporosis, 21 cases of sarcopenia, 15 cases of osteosarcopenia; while 26 cases of osteoporosis, 12 cases of sarcopenia and 9 cases of osteosarcopenia in control group. The rate of sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia in study group were significantly higher than those in control group: 38.2%(22/55) vs. 21.8%(12/55), 27.3%(15/55) vs. 16.4%(9/55), P 0.05). The RMR, RSMI, BMD of femoral and total hip in study group were significantly lower than those in control group: (1.02 ± 0.45) kcal/d vs. (1.38 ± 0.39) kcal/d, (5.21 ± 1.10) kg/m2 vs. (6.12 ± 1.20) kg/m2, (0.85 ± 0.25) g/cm2 vs. (1.12 ± 0.32) g/cm2, (0.87 ± 0.16) g/cm2 vs. (1.08 ± 0.43) g/cm2, P 0.05). Conclusions Fracture prevention and post-fracture management should include evaluation and treatment of muscles and bones. The clinical significance is that increasing the muscle mass above the critical value of the elderly may help to reduce the risk of distal radius fracture. Key words: Radius fracture; Osteoporosis; Sarcopenia; Case-control studies