Abstract
Background and aimsColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults.MethodA total of 499 participants, including 129 CRC and 130 CRA cases, along with 240 controls, were asked about their dietary intake via a validated questionnaire. The DASH score was then calculated based on a priori methods and categorized in quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association of DASH score and the risk of CRC and CRA.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22). Also, subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrated that adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could reduce the risk of CRC and CRA in men and women. Promoting a DASH eating plan can be helpful in reducing the risk of CRC.
Highlights
Background and aimsColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide
After adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and colorectal adenomas (CRAs), respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, odds ratios (ORs) = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04– 0.22)
Subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs
Summary
Background and aimsColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. DASH is a dietary pattern, rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grain cereals, moderate in low-fat dairies, and low in sodium and added sugars. It was initially developed for management of high blood pressure [13, 14]; yet, in addition to blood pressure, some studies have shown an association between the DASH dietary pattern and lower incidence of other chronic disease, such as cancers [15, 16]. Some studies have reported an inverse association between adherence to the DASH pattern and CRC [22, 23], and two studies have shown this association with CRA [24, 25]
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