Abstract
Caries is the most common pathological factor of dental diseases. Its definition was a serious problem for many millennia. In the 19th century, the research provided a paradigm shift of the decay theories by a number of variations as a real background of this condition. The spectrum was wide, with almost all the factors of multicausality. However, the outdated worm theory prevailing for thousands of years still held its shrinking positions in some theoretic definitions. Parallel, we can trace the influence of other new medical discoveries of the era e.g. Virchow's theory of cell pathology, or Pasteur's experiments on fermentation. They had a specific impact on the decay theories including also Koch's microbiological research and Billroth's discovery of Staphylococcus pyogenes. These influences changed fundamentally the scientific directives of caries theories.
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