Abstract
A carbazole-based two-photon fluorescent probe (PyCM) showed a remarkable fluorescence “turn-on” response to Au3+/Au+ in aqueous solution with a large Stokes shift (119nm). A good linear relationship of emission intensity at 539nm against Au3+/Au+ from 0 to 20 equiv. was observed, and the detection limits (3σ/k) were as low as 47nM for Au3+ and 73nM for Au+, respectively. The fluorescence enhancement was attributed to the gold ions-induced CN bond hydrolysis sensing mechanism, which is fully confirmed by the UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, IR, 1H NMR titration and MALDI-TOF mass analysis. Bio-imaging study established that PyCM could be used to detect Au3+ in living cells under two-photon excitation with large two-photon absorption cross sections (1321 GM at 860nm), little cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. Meanwhile, standard co-staining experiments of PyCM and MitoTracker Red FM (co-localization coefficient: 0.85) revealed that PyCM was predominantly present in mitochondria.
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