Abstract
Introduction: Renal vascular anatomy is well known in the literature about its variations. The data of cadaveric study performed by different authors in different populations is suggestive of variable nature of existence of renal artery variations. A thorough knowledge of accessory renal arteries is important for planning and performing endovascular, laparoscopic, urological and radiological procedures and renal transplants. Aim: To study the variations of renal arteries in cadavers and to compare it based on laterality, sex and symmetry in Nashik region, Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Dhamangaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India, from May 2019 to June 2020 during routine abdominal dissection for medical undergraduate students. Total 25 cadavers (21 males and four females) were dissected to expose kidneys along with its arteries. The morphological variations (early branching renal artery and accessory renal artery) of renal arteries were noted and the data gathered were compared with respect to laterality, sex and symmetry. Statistical analysis was done using Chisquare test. Results: Out of 24 cadavers, six {5 (25%) males and 1 (25%) female} were found to have variations in renal arteries. The renal artery variations were present bilaterally in 2 (8.3%) cadavers. The variations in the renal artery were in the form of accessory renal artery in 6 (12.5%) kidneys and early branching renal artery in 2 (4.2%) kidneys. The variation based on sex were found in 5 (25%) males, while based on laterality were found in five (20.8%) right and three (12.5%) left kidneys. Conclusion: In the present study, 25% were found to have variations in renal arteries This finding will provide anatomical knowledge of variations in the renal arteries amongst the donor for kidney transplantation surgeries in the Nashik region of Maharashtra.
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