A Building-Block Favoring Method for the Topology Optimization of Internal Antenna Design

Yen-Sheng Chen

doi:10.1155/2015/206243

Abstract

This paper proposes a new design technique for internal antenna development. The proposed method is based on the framework of topology optimization incorporated with three effective mechanisms favoring the building blocks of associated optimization problems. Conventionally, the topology optimization of antenna structures discretizes a design space into uniform and rectangular pixels. However, the defining length of the resultant building blocks is so large that the problem difficulty arises; furthermore, the order of the building blocks becomes extremely high, so genetic algorithms (GAs) and binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) are not more efficient than the random search algorithm. In order to form tight linkage groups of building blocks, this paper proposes a novel approach to handle the design details. In particular, a nonuniform discretization is adopted to discretize the design space, and the initialization of GAs is assigned as orthogonal arrays (OAs) instead of a randomized population; moreover, the control map of GAs is constructed by ensuring the schema growth based on the generalized schema theorem. By using the proposed method, two internal antennas are thus successfully developed. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed technique significantly outperforms the conventional topology optimization.

Highlights

Following the rapid development of wireless and portable communication products, it is of the utmost importance that the design cycle of antennas is reduced
Topology optimization is suitable for the internal antenna design of wireless and portable communication products, for the antenna design space in these products that are usually confined in a given space; topology optimization shows great competence in practical design situations, leading to a shorter design cycle and a lower development cost
This paper has proposed a novel design technique to favor the building blocks in the topology optimization problems

Summary

Introduction

Following the rapid development of wireless and portable communication products, it is of the utmost importance that the design cycle of antennas is reduced. The design parameters of an antenna structure are first identified, and their values are fine-tuned via trial-and-error approaches, genetic algorithms (GAs) [1, 2], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [3, 4], space mapping [5], or artificial neural networks (ANN) [6]. Instead of tuning the geometric parameters of a given initial layout, topology optimization, known as pixelated design technique, conceptual design, and optimal material distribution, does not require a detailed predefined shape, yet it automatically generates a suitable antenna topology fulfilling design needs It discretizes the design space into several rectangular pixels, varying the distribution of conductor until design goals are achieved. Topology optimization is suitable for the internal antenna design of wireless and portable communication products, for the antenna design space in these products that are usually confined in a given space; topology optimization shows great competence in practical design situations, leading to a shorter design cycle and a lower development cost

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