Abstract
Robotics is a rapidly growing field, and the innovative idea to scale down the size of robots to the nanometer level has paved a new way of treating human health. Nanorobots have become the focus of many researchers aiming to explore their many potential applications in medicine. This paper focuses on manufacturing techniques involved in the fabrication of nanorobots and their associated challenges in terms of design architecture, sensors, actuators, powering, navigation, data transmission, followed by challenges in applications. In addition, an overview of various nanorobotic systems addresses different architectures of a nanorobot. Moreover, multiple medical applications, such as oncology, drug delivery, and surgery, are reviewed and summarized.
Highlights
Nanotechnology involves the process of designing, fabricating, and manipulating materials at the nanoscale [1]
The dynamic properties of nanorobots are still under investigation and experimentation; this is mostly due to the requirement of nanorobots to interact with the environment at a cellular level, which remains a significant challenge
The domain of nanorobotics in medicine can be made attainable by overcoming nanomanufacturing limitations
Summary
Nanotechnology involves the process of designing, fabricating, and manipulating materials at the nanoscale [1]. Nanorobots are devices capable of sensing, actuating, signalling, processing information, intelligence, or exhibiting swarm behaviour at the nanoscale [2]. Other specific design issues like sensing, navigation, power communication, locomotion, and the manipulation of components are severe challenges in the field of nanorobotics [4] Another issue in terms of the nanorobotic structure is controlling matter at the molecular scale to affect the nanorobots’ behaviour (dynamics and properties). The main focus of the paper is on challenges in the design and development of nanorobots in terms of sensors, actuators, powering, and data transmission.
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