Abstract
A brief review of microRNA and its role in PRRSV infection and replication
Highlights
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was identified in Europe and the United States in the early 1990s and has become an important pathogen in the swine industry worldwide
The specific responses include myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent signaling pathways, which activate the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, and Toll-IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF)-dependent signaling pathways, which drive the induction of type I interferon as well as proinflammatory cytokines [20]
Several miRNAs have been identified to inhibit PRRSV infection or replication, the question has to be asked: what are the roles of these miRNAs in PRRSV natural infection? the hypothesis that host miRNAs may have had a significant effect on viral evolution and may continue to influence the in vivo tissue tropism of viruses has been proposed in 2006 [60]
Summary
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was identified in Europe and the United States in the early 1990s and has become an important pathogen in the swine industry worldwide. Pigs of all ages can be infected by PRRSV, which causes severe disease characterized by reproductive failure in pregnant sows, and respiratory problems and persistent infection in piglets [1]. A typical highly-pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) emerged in China in 2006 and is characterized by high fever, high morbidity and high mortality in pigs of all ages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous about 21–23 nt RNA molecules that have emerged as critical gene regulators in animals and plants [2,3]. Increasing evidence indicates that miRNAs can participate in the regulation of almost every cellular activity and their abnormal expression is associated with many human diseases. We discuss the current understanding of the role of miRNA in PRRSV infection and hypothesize that cellular miRNAs may contribute significantly to regulating PRRSV infection
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