Abstract
Not getting enough sleep is a common problem in our society and contributes to numerous health problems, including high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity. Related to these observations, a wealth of studies has underscored the negative impact of both acute and chronic sleep deprivation on cognitive function. More recently it has become apparent that the gut microbiota composition can be rapidly altered, modulates brain function and is affected by the aforementioned health problems. As such, changes in the microbiota composition may contribute to the behavioural and physiological phenotypes associated with sleep deprivation. It is unclear, however, whether a brief period of sleep deprivation can also negatively impact the gut microbiota. Here, we examined the impact of 5 hr of sleep deprivation on gut microbiota composition of male C57Bl6/J mice. Despite the fact that the overall microbial composition did not change between the control‐ and sleep‐deprived groups, the relative abundance of the Clostridiaceae and Lachnospiraceae were slightly altered in sleep‐deprived animals compared to controls. Together, these data suggest that depriving mice of sleep for 5 hr leads to subtle changes in the gut microbiota composition.
Highlights
| INTRODUCTION2015; McCoy et al, 2013; Mueller, Meerlo, McGinty, & Mistlberger, 2015; Prince et al, 2014)
All mammals, including humans, spend a large proportion of their lives asleep, time that is not spent on finding a partner, searching for nutrients or detecting danger
We used LDA linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) to identify the taxa most likely to explain differences in the microbiota composition between control and SD animals. When comparing both groups of mice, we found that three species (Oxobacter PPf50E4, Clostridium oroticum, and Adlercreutzia equolifaciens) were more abundant in the control group, whereas Murimonas intestini was over‐represented in the SD group (Figure 3). These findings suggest that the gut microbiota exhibit very subtle, if any, changes in their composition following a brief period of sleep deprivation
Summary
2015; McCoy et al, 2013; Mueller, Meerlo, McGinty, & Mistlberger, 2015; Prince et al, 2014). More chronic sleep restriction lasting days to weeks leads to misregulation of synaptic plasticity and even hippocampal shrinkage in rodents (Kreutzmann, Havekes, Abel, & Meerlo, 2015; Meerlo, Mistlberger, Jacobs, Heller, & McGinty, 2009; Meerlo, Sgoifo, & Suchecki, 2008; Novati, Hulshof, Koolhaas, Lucassen, & Meerlo, 2011) The latter observation is in line with human studies suggesting that sleep apnea and in some cases in‐ somnia can even lead to a reduction in hippocampal volume (Morrell et al, 2010; Riemann et al, 2007). In the current paper we examined the impact of a single 5‐hr period of sleep deprivation on the gut microbiota of adult mice
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