Abstract
The Tethyan geology of the Lesser Caucasus has a multiphase and complex history. The main lithotectonic domains that can be individualized during the presence of a Tethyan oceanic branch in the region are (i) the South Armenian Block (SAB), a Gondwanian remain that is mainly known by its characteristic Middle to Upper Palaeozoic sedimentary sequences; (ii) ophiolitic units, including their sedimentary cover, which record a complex history of geodynamic, magmatic and sedimentary events, and (iii) the Eurasian active margin, known essentially from its Middle Jurassic – Upper Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequences. Following the obduction of ophiolites onto the SAB during the Coniacian-Santonian interval and the subsequent Palaeocene-Lower Eocene collision of the South Armenian Block against Eurasia, widespread volcanic activity took place during the middle to late Eocene. Impressive quaternary volcanoes and recent tectonic activity along active faults attest on the geodynamic activity in relation to the collision with the Arabian plate.
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