Abstract
In this paper the origins of a Federal role in public libraries is explored. This examination of the roots of this now accepted aspect of the public library landscape is presented in three sections. In the first of these (appearing in edition 16(3) oiPLQ) the background of the twin concepts, a Federal agency and Federal aid for public libraries, was recounted. Outlined as well were the arguments of the leading opponents who were able to delay the A.L.A. Council's final endorsement for a year. The second segment, (which appeared in edition 16(4) oiPLQ) considered the Congressional fate of the twin concepts-the Federal agency easily approved, the concept of Federal aid never attaining the status of serious consideration. Finally, in this third segment, the role of the Federal government in dispensing aid to public libraries as part of the general effort against the Depression is related. In the post-World War II era the A.L.A. would renew its fight for Federal aid with the secure endorsement of the profession's largest organization, a degree of familiarity with the Congress and its ways, and five years actual experience in a Federal aid program.
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