Abstract
With the ever-increasing complexity of tumor heterogeneity (TH) discovered through cancer genome sequencing, it is apparent that TH has become the biggest hurdle for precision cancer therapeutics. Through studying the genomics of exceptional responders to targeted therapeutic agents in kidney cancer, we demonstrated parallel convergent gene/pathway/capability/function evolution of kidney cancer in the context of TH, which prompted us to propose a new cancer evolution model “the braided cancer river model”. Based on this model, we might be able to outsmart a given cancer type within an individual patient through simultaneously inhibiting preferred parallel pathways or sequential nodes. Thus, the goals of this perspective are to define tumor heterogeneity, discuss tumor evolution, introduce braided cancer river model, and improve precision medicine.
Highlights
With the ever-increasing complexity of tumor heterogeneity (TH) discovered through cancer genome sequencing, it is apparent that TH has become the biggest hurdle for precision cancer therapeutics
With the advent of modern molecular, imaging, and treatment technologies in the latter half of the 20th century, we began to understand the complexity of cancer and are gearing towards delivering precision therapeutics for personalized cancer care in the 21st century
Hsieh and Cheng Clin Trans Med (2016) 5:42 of cancer cell ends with the demise of the host and the renegade cancer cells that are constantly in chaos
Summary
With the ever-increasing complexity of tumor heterogeneity (TH) discovered through cancer genome sequencing, it is apparent that TH has become the biggest hurdle for precision cancer therapeutics. *Correspondence: hsiehj@mskcc.org 1 Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article are individual cancer patient’s race, gender, age, and the organ/tissue origin of contracted cancer; microscopically, factors are histology and tumor microenvironment; and molecularly, factors are genetics and epigenetics [1].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
