A BONE MARROW ASPIRATION STUDY IN FEMALES: A RETROSPECTIVE CASE STUDY AT RIMS RANCHI

Abstract

Background: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) cytology is a common and cheap technique which reveals the marrow cellularity,its structure,and stages of differentiation of different blood cells.Objectives:The objectives of the study were to study the incidence , etiology and the common presentation in patients undergoing BMA with special focus on the females.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study that was carried out in the Department of Pathology of RIMS Ranchi, India. The study was done from January 20121 -September 2021 on 292cases . BMA was carried out and relevant clinical history,physical examination, and laboratory data were retrieved. Results: Out of 292 cases, 14 cases were excluded from the final analysis due to inadequate marrow. Male-to-female ratio was 1.24:1 The most common indication was unexplained anemia and bleeding.The most common etiological diagnosis was erythroid hyperplasia EH (35.6% microcytic EH-22% and megaloblastic EH-13%) followed by acute luekemias(16%). Among adolescents (>11– 20 years)-23% and reproductive age group females -21% where erythroid hyperplasia was the most common cause followed by acute luekemia. Conclusion: The common hematological disorders prevailing in females are erythroid hyperplasia (microcytic EH and EH with megaloblastic changes) main cause being nutritional anemia followed by acute leukemia.