Abstract
It is quite common that several different phases exist simultaneously in a system of trapped quantum gases of ultra-cold atoms. One example is the strongly interacting Fermi gas with two imbalanced spin species, which has received a great deal of attention owing to the possible occurrence of exotic superfluid phases. By using novel numerical techniques and algorithms, we self-consistently solve the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations, which describe Fermi superfluids in the mean-field framework. From this study, we investigate the novel phases of spin-imbalanced Fermi gases and examine the validity of local density approximation (LDA), which is often invoked in the extraction of bulk properties from experimental measurements within trapped systems. We show how the validity of the LDA is affected by the trapping geometry, the number of atoms and the spin imbalance.
Highlights
Interest in spin-imbalanced Fermi superfluids dates back over a half century to the appearance of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory
We first did a series of calculations for this geometry and found our results in perfect agreement with those reported in Ref. [16]
We have carried out a systematic study of a trapped spin-imbalanced Fermi gas in the unitary limit up to a total number N ∼ 105 atoms
Summary
Interest in spin-imbalanced Fermi superfluids dates back over a half century to the appearance of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. Over the past few years, experiments on polarized Fermi gases at Rice University [6, 7, 8], MIT [9, 10, 11, 12] and ENS [13] have stimulated a flurry of theoretical activity. These efforts represent an important area within the general goal of emulating complicated many-body systems using cold atoms
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