A Bivariate Gaussian Model for Unexploded Ordnance Classification with EMI Data

Abstract

A bivariate Gaussian model is proposed for modeling spatially varying electromagnetic-induction (EMI) response of unexploded ordnance (UXO). This model is proposed for EMI sensors that do not exploit enough physics to warrant using the popular magnetic-dipole model currently commonly used. These two competing models are applied to measured EM61 sensor data at a real UXO site. UXO classification performance using the proposed bivariate Gaussian model is shown to be superior to an approach employing the magnetic-dipole model. Moreover, the bivariate Gaussian model requires no labeled training data, obviates classifier construction, and has fewer model parameters to learn.