A Bivalent Bacterium-like Particles-Based Vaccine Induced Potent Immune Responses against the Sudan Virus and Ebola Virus in Mice

Abstract

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever disease causing thousands of deaths. The large Ebola outbreak in 2014–2016 posed significant threats to global public health, requiring the development of multiple medical measures for disease control. Sudan virus (SUDV) and Zaire virus (EBOV) are responsible for severe disease and occasional deadly outbreaks in West Africa and Middle Africa. This study shows that bivalent bacterium-like particles (BLPs)-based vaccine, SUDV-EBOV BLPs (S/ZBLP + 2 + P), generated by mixing SUDV-BLPs and EBOV-BLPs at a 1 : 1 ratio, is immunogenic in mice. The SUDV-EBOV BLPs induced potent immune responses against SUDV and EBOV and elicited both T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) immune responses. The results indicated that SUDV-EBOV BLPs-based vaccine has the potential to be a promising candidate against SUDV and EBOV infections and provide a strategy to develop universal vaccines for EVD.