Abstract
We present a biophysical approach for the coupling of neural network activity as resulting from proper dipole currents of cortical pyramidal neurons to the electric field in extracellular fluid. Starting from a reduced three-compartment model of a single pyramidal neuron, we derive an observation model for dendritic dipole currents in extracellular space and thereby for the dendritic field potential (DFP) that contributes to the local field potential (LFP) of a neural population. This work aligns and satisfies the widespread dipole assumption that is motivated by the “open-field” configuration of the DFP around cortical pyramidal cells. Our reduced three-compartment scheme allows to derive networks of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) models, which facilitates comparison with existing neural network and observation models. In particular, by means of numerical simulations we compare our approach with an ad hoc model by Mazzoni et al. (2008), and conclude that our biophysically motivated approach yields substantial improvement.
Highlights
Since Hans Berger’s 1924 discovery of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) (Berger, 1929), neuroscientists achieved much progress in clarifying its neural generators (Creutzfeldt et al, 1966a,b; Nunez and Srinivasan, 2006; Schomer and Lopes da Silva, 2011)
In our case we do not quite consider point neurons, nor spatially extended models with detailed compartmental morphology, yet an intermediate level of description is achieved. To this end we propose a reduced three-compartmental model of a single pyramidal neuron (Destexhe, 2001; Wang et al, 2004; beim Graben, 2008), and derive an observation model for the dendritic dipole currents in the extracellular space and thereby for the dendritic field potential (DFP) that contributes to the local field potential (LFP) of a neural population
Our mean DFP L4 measures comparably to experimental LFP, that is, in the order of millivolts, and it responds to population activity, it has a relatively smoother response
Summary
Since Hans Berger’s 1924 discovery of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) (Berger, 1929), neuroscientists achieved much progress in clarifying its neural generators (Creutzfeldt et al, 1966a,b; Nunez and Srinivasan, 2006; Schomer and Lopes da Silva, 2011). These are the cortical pyramidal neurons, as sketched, that possess a long dendritic trunk separating mainly excitatory synapses at the apical dendritic tree from mainly inhibitory synapses at the soma and at the perisomatic basal dendritic tree (Creutzfeldt et al, 1966a; Spruston, 2008) They exhibit an axial symmetry and are aligned in parallel to each other, perpendicular to the cortex’ surface, forming a palisade of cell bodies and dendritic trunks. The densely packed pyramidal cells form a dipole layer whose superimposed currents give rise to the local field potential (LFP) of neural masses and eventually to the EEG (Nunez and Srinivasan, 2006; Lindén et al, 2010; Lindén et al, 2011; Schomer and Lopes da Silva, 2011).
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