A Biological Study of Anisotropic Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Application for Topical Use.

Saengrawee Thammawithan,Sompong Klaynongsruang,Rina Patramanon,Sawinee Nasompag,Pawinee Siritongsuk,Sakda Daduang,Nuvee Prapasarakul

doi:10.3390/vetsci8090177

Saengrawee Thammawithan, Sompong Klaynongsruang + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8090177

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Abstract

The excessive use of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine has contributed to the development and rapid spread of drug resistance in bacteria. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become a tool of choice that can be used to treat these resistant bacteria. Several studies have shown that AgNPs have antibacterial and wound healing properties. In this study, we evaluated the biological activity of anisotropic AgNPs to develop an antimicrobial gel formulation for treating wound infections. We showed that some anisotropic AgNPs (S2) have an effective antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens and low cytotoxicity to keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. The MIC and MBC values were in the range of 2–32 µg/mL, and cytotoxicity had IC50 values of 68.20 ± 9.71 µg/mL and 68.65 ± 10.97 µg/mL against human keratinocyte and normal human dermal fibroblast cells, respectively. The anisotropic AgNPs (S2) were used as a gel component and tested for antibacterial activity, including long-term protection, compared with povidone iodine, a common antiseptic agent. The results show that the anisotropic AgNPs can inhibit the growth of most tested bacterial pathogens and provide protection longer than 48 h, whereas povidone iodine only inhibits the growth of some bacteria. This study suggests that anisotropic AgNPs could be used as an alternative antimicrobial agent for treating bacterial skin infection and as a wound healing formulation.

Highlights

IntroductionThere are reports of bacterial resistance to antibiotics to these species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) in human and veterinary medicine [1,2,3]
The frequent use of antibiotics has led to the development of bacterial resistance.There are reports of bacterial resistance to antibiotics to these species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) in human and veterinary medicine [1,2,3]
To S. aureus, which is considered as a compound of the human normal skin flora [8], S. pseudintermedius is harmless in healthy individuals, but it is an opportunistic pathogen if an animal gets injured or sick [9]

Summary

Introduction

There are reports of bacterial resistance to antibiotics to these species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius) in human and veterinary medicine [1,2,3]. Multi-drug resistant staphylococci have gradually increased worldwide [4] In animals such as dogs, methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) is an issue of concern [5]. A recent study has reported that methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius strains isolated from sick dogs were 63%, and 78% of these isolates were described as being resistant to at least three antibiotic classes [11]. These “superbugs” are becoming more difficult to treat because of ineffective drugs. Discovering alternative antimicrobial agents to overcome antibiotic-resistant bacteria is important

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