A biogeographical study of red listed lichen species at temporal and spatial scales within protected and non-protected areas

Ioana Vicol,Simona Mihăilescu

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-04872-1

Abstract

The present study is focused on the temporal and spatial distribution of red listed lichen (RLL) species identified in both non-protected areas (NPAs) and protected areas (PAs) in Romania. This study revealed different scenarios of RLL based on two major patterns: (1) the fate of RLL before and after their designation in the red list in Romania and (2) the fate of RLL before and after the designation of PAs in Romania. Generally, the occurrences of RLL were well represented in time and space in both NPAs and PAs through geomorphological and biogeographical units. In particular, the occurrences of RLL were well represented, especially in hilly areas within PAs before and after their official designation, and this was an important aspect over a long period of time. Although NPAs were not less important regarding the occurrences of RLL species, it was observed that they followed the same pattern as PAs, namely, they were well represented in hilly areas and over a long period of time. The bioregions were significant for RLL species in both NPAs (continental and stepic) and PAs (continental, panonic, and stepic). As a significant finding of this study, NPAs and PAs should be subjected to an adequate conservation regime due to their biotical traditional heritage.

Highlights

The present study is focused on the temporal and spatial distribution of red listed lichen (RLL) species identified in both non-protected areas (NPAs) and protected areas (PAs) in Romania
Crespo & Lumbsch, the results of this test based on the adjustment of confounders did not indicate significant associations between datasets represented by the other RLL species within the NPAs and PAs (F = 3.76; p = 0.06)
Non-protected areas are important for RLL species; these areas should be subjected to adequate management for the long-term conservation of habitats and their associated RLL species

Summary

Introduction

The present study is focused on the temporal and spatial distribution of red listed lichen (RLL) species identified in both non-protected areas (NPAs) and protected areas (PAs) in Romania. Conservation of RLL species could be realized by creating a balance of conservation actions and economic gains in both NPAs and P As10 Another important aspect is represented by forest productivity capacity related to natural resources, which could represent a core for biodiversity and could be important for habitat c onservation[11]. Despite the fact that biodiversity is threatened at all organizational levels by numerous human activities, over time, greater attention has been given to animals (especially birds and mammals) and vascular plants. Cryptogams such as lichen have been ignored in most conservation programs[4,5]. In Romania, one native and multiaged forest area with an absolute protection regime is the Slătioara Natural Reserve, characterized by the high diversity of the structure and composition of its vegetation[20]

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Discussion

Conclusion