A biodiverzitás-változás nyomon követése nagylepkék (Lepidoptera) vizsgálatával Sellye környékén, 1967–2022

Abstract

633 species of butterflies and larger moths were detected around Sellye during the sixties and seventies of the last century. Several rare and interesting species were documented in those lowland oakhornbeam woodlands, riverine oak-elm-ash woodlands, and riverine ash-alder woodlands. After more than fifty years, during the years 2019-2022, we again visited this area to examine the composition and change of lepidopterous fauna, mostly the larger moths. The same sampling methods were applied in the recent surveys, but a UV-A compact fluorescent tube together with a normal compact fluorescent tube was used instead of a mercury vapour bulb, in the year 2022. Sometimes a small portable light trap was also applied, it was fitted with 12 Volt UV fluorescent LEDs. We visited the same (Gilvánfa) and similar sites (Marócsa, Páprád, Teklafalu) regularly, and sometimes some another sites. During this recent period altogether 437 lepidopterous species were taken. 53 of them were not detected in the first collecting period. Number of all known species grew up to 687 in the Sellye region. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the collection of Rippl-Rónai Museum, Kaposvár. The most important catch was three imogoes of Arytrura musculus (Ménétriés, 1859) during the years 2020 and 2022. Table 2 presents all the collected species in the past and recent periods, their quantity by group of sites (past) or by year (recent period). This table is completed by data of Kisdobsza and Potony, which sites are situated a slightly further away but in similar types of forests. Some of the 53 newly recorded species – e.g. Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767), Opisthograptis luteolata (Linnaeus, 1758), Eilicrinia cordiaria (Hübner, 1790), Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767), Eugnorisma depuncta (Linnaeus, 1761) – are characteristic of drier biotopes, while some of them – e.g. Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809), Rhodometra sacraria (Linnaeus, 1767) – are immigrant ones. Contrary 250 species were not caught in recent years. About a hundred species were not taken due to the methods. Daytime observations or collections hardly were applied. On the other hand, we did not visit those area during the early spring (March, April) and late autumn (November), so the very early and very late flying species were not registered. Thus about 150 species were not taken very probably due to climate change: increasing of temperature, less precipitation and extreme meteorological phenomena. The decrease of biodiversity is a general observation not only here but in other types of biotopes.