Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a major health problem for women globally. Many attempts have been promoted to cure cancer by finding new anticancer medicines from natural resources. Despite the richness of biodiversity discovered, there are some natural resources that remain unexplored. Fruit peels of Duku ( Lansium domesticum Corr.) are rich with compounds that may have the potential to be developed as anticancer drugs. This study aimed to isolate cytotoxic compounds from the fruit peels of L. domesticum and assess their cytotoxic nature against T47D cells. Methods: Powdered peels were macerated with ethyl acetate and the filtrate was evaporated to give EtOAc extract A. Dried extract A was triturated with n-hexane to give n-hexane soluble fraction B and insoluble fraction C. The cytotoxic nature of these three samples were assessed using MTT assay using T47D cells and doxorubicin as a control. Results: Fraction C that showed the smallest IC50 (25.56 ± 0.64μg/mL) value compared to extract A and fraction B. Fraction C was further fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography to give 6 subfractions. Subfraction 2 showed a single compound based on thin layer chromatography, and this compound was identified as Lamesticumin A on the basis of its spectroscopic data. Lamesticumin A demonstrated cytotoxic activity against T47D cell lines with an IC50 value of 15.68± 0.30µg/mL. Conclusions: Further research is needed to investigate the potential of the natural compound Lamesticumin A derived from L. domesticum fruit peel as an anticancer therapy.

Highlights

  • The most frequent cancer in women and that which causes the highest mortality is breast cancer

  • In Indonesia, it was reported that approximately 21% of cancer deaths among women were due to breast cancer[1]

  • Plant material The fruits of L. domesticum were collected on March 2018 from Bantul, Yogyakarta (GPS : -7.871098, 110.394854) and identified at the Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Summary

Introduction

The most frequent cancer in women and that which causes the highest mortality is breast cancer. Chloroform and methanol extracts of L. domesticum displayed cytotoxic activity on murine melanoma (B F ) and colon cancer (HT29) cells[3]. Many attempts have been promoted to cure cancer by finding new anticancer medicines from natural resources. Fruit peels of Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.) are rich with compounds that may have the potential to be developed as anticancer drugs. This study aimed to isolate cytotoxic compounds from the fruit peels of L. domesticum and assess their cytotoxic nature against T47D cells. Lamesticumin A demonstrated cytotoxic activity against T47D cell lines with an IC50 value of 15.68 ± 0.30μg/mL. Conclusions: Further research is needed to investigate the potential of the natural compound Lamesticumin A derived from L. domesticum fruit peel as an anticancer therapy

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