Abstract
A benchmark distribution system is developed for investigating control and energy management of distributed generation (DG) at a residential level in the form of three single-phase microgrids. The benchmark is derived from a typical distribution network architecture with common parameters found in North-America systems including wiring specifications, line impedances and connection details for rooftop PV systems. This benchmark system can accommodate microgrids operating in both grid-connected and islanded modes. Within this benchmark, multiple single-phase DG sources located in different phases can be coordinated to form a dynamically balanced three phase system under different load and generation profiles in different phases. The coordination of DG sources in a particular phase is achieved through an intra-phase power management device, while mitigating loads and generation imbalance among all phases are done by an inter-phase power management scheme. It is expected that this benchmark system will facilitate investigation of impacts posed by proliferation of single-phase distributed generation devices and local storage systems in private residences. Three case studies have been carried out to demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of this benchmark system.
Highlights
A S PROLIFERATION of roof-top PV systems and household energy storage units at residential setting continues, the landscape of distribution systems is changing rapidly [1]
Previous works in unbalanced conditions at the microgrid level have been focused on harmonic current injection at the DC link to compensate the non-linear loads [22]–[28]. These studies are limited to centralized PV generation and storage in three-phase; 3) To the best of our knowledge, the problem addressed poses a unique challenge to the current distribution systems, whereby there exist no distribution system models in the literature that can accommodate realistic situations of phase-wise generation and storage while simultaneously coordinating the multiple singe-phase distributed generation (DG) units installed in different phase(s) and connected on to a three-phase primary feeder; 4) The network model with its coordination control strategy should ensure that the voltage and frequency in each phase are maintained by balancing generation and consumptions under different conditions in that particular phase, while trying as much as possible towards balancing the three phases
A unique feature of this model is that it allows for integration of multiple single-phase DG sources to be located in a particular phase, yet, it supports coordination of these units within their respective phases or across different phases
Summary
A S PROLIFERATION of roof-top PV systems and household energy storage units at residential setting continues, the landscape of distribution systems is changing rapidly [1]. The developed benchmark model is flexible enough to simulate a section of a distribution system by considering details of feeder reactance, different transformer configurations and wiring conventions of residential loads including roof-top PV systems and battery storage devices in the laterals of a primary feeder. This feeder can supply power to common three-phase loads; say, a school, or a local community center.
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