A Battery Energy Storage System Control Technique with Ramp Rate and C-Rate Parameter Consideration for AC Microgrid Applications

Abstract

Active power control of a battery energy storage system (BESS) in an ac microgrid to solve an impact of increasing of renewable energy resources (RES) is presented. The variability of active power from these renewable energy resources affects the reliability of the power grid. A BESS is used to connect with an ac microgrid consisting of RES such solar cells to manage the rapid change in flow of active power, so the output active power from RES is regulated within the standard for connecting to the Thailand grid-connected code. Ramp rate effects and characteristics of a battery used in a BESS are considered in proposed control strategy to control the flow of active power. The micro energy management system (µEMS) for calculating the appropriate active power slope is also developed. Therefore, the frequency deviation in the microgrid is regulated by using a proposed both control technique and µEMS. The control of this method ensures that the frequency stability is within the standard range of ±1 Hz in a 50 Hz system. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed method are good agreement, and the active power of the BESS in an ac microgrid can be satisfactorily controlled.