Abstract
A low-cost 80×60 microbolometer CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) thermal imager is presented. The imager system integrated with a proposed 12-b biasing digital-to-analog converter (DAC) has 100 ms start-up time, which is 300× faster than commercial products, while ensuring comparable 100 mK noise-equivalent temperature difference. The low-noise biasing DAC adopts a current-mode divider-stacking structure and a bit-inversion technique, leading to mismatch-insensitive operation. The 12-b biasing DAC in a 0.18 <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m CMOS imager IC has a low noise of 1.89 <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> and INL (integral non-linearity)/DNL (differential non-linearity) of 0.14/0.09 LSB, respectively.
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