A 7-year-old Boy with Hematochezia Caused by Thrombosis in Portal Vein, Splenic Vein, and Inferior Mesenteric Vein. A Rare Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

<p>Mesenteric vein thrombosis is extremely rare in children, with only a few case reports in the literature. Most mesenteric vein thrombosis cases involve the superior mesenteric vein. Acute mesenteric vascular occlusion is associated with a high mortality rate. Early detection and aggressive management are imperative to prevent thrombus progression, bowel infarction, and death. This report describes a 7-year-old boy who suffered from bloody stool for one week. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed no abnormalities, while a colonoscopy revealed only nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. A Meckel’s diverticulum scan revealed negative findings. Abdominal computerized tomography showed thrombi in the right portal branch, main portal vein, splenic vein, and inferior mesenteric vein. Symptoms were relieved after the patient was treated with rivaroxaban 10 mg orally once a day. This case report characterizes a rare cause of bloody stool in children. If a patient presents with hematochezia with or without abdominal pain, abdominal venous thrombosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis because of its high mortality and morbidity rate. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can save a patient’s life.</p> <p> </p>