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Abstract
Current building assessment methods limit themselves in their environmental impact by failing to consider the other two aspects of sustainability: the economic and the social. They tend to be complex and costly to run, and therefore are of limited value in comparing design options. This paper proposes and develops a model for the automatic assessment of a building's sustainability life cycle with the building information modelling (BIM) approach and its enabling technologies. A 6D CAD model is developed which could be used as a design aid instead of as a post-construction evaluation tool. 6D CAD includes 3D design as well as a fourth dimension (schedule), a fifth dimension (cost) and a sixth dimension (sustainability). The model can automatically derive quantities (5D), calculate economic (5D and 6D), environmental and social impacts (6D), and evaluate the sustainability performance of alternative design options. The sustainability assessment covers the life cycle stages of a building, namely material production, construction, operation, maintenance, demolition and disposal.
Highlights
Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [1]
Research on the sustainability of buildings has concentrated on its environmental aspects
This paper aims to develop a 6D CAD model which can automatically perform life cycle building sustainability assessments
Summary
Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs [1]. There are three aspects of sustainability, namely its environmental, social and economic aspects. Research on the sustainability of buildings has concentrated on its environmental aspects. Build‐ ings accounted for 36% of final energy consumption among the International Energy Agency’s member countries in 2004 [3]. In addition to energy use, a number of environ‐ mental impacts (e.g., the emission of greenhouse gases, such as CO2) can be attributed to buildings. Energy consumption and environmental impacts occur at all stages of a building’s life cycle. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has become one of the most popular environmental assessment methods [4]
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