Abstract
Duplex ultrasonography emerged as a noninvasive diagnostic test for splanchnic artery stenosis in the early 1980s.4 Prior to this, arteriography had been not only the gold standard but essentially the only objective means to evaluate stenosis in the celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Investigations have since proceeded from the evaluation of normal mesenteric arteries and the assessments of gastrointestinal physiology to the delineation of splanchnic artery stenosis. Although duplex ultrasonography can identify splanchnic artery stenosis, the determination of chronic mesenteric ischemia remains a clinical diagnosis made by appropriate history, physical examination, and arteriographic confirmation of high-grade stenosis or occlusion of the splanchnic arteries.
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